During the Golden Age of Piracy danger was constant. Facing bullets, splinters, and diseases like scurvy, yellow fever, malaria, and smallpox, skilled surgeons were a necessity. 18th-century pirate surgeons, often called "Misters," commanded respect. These vital healers learned through seven-year apprenticeships which were rooted in studying the humors, an ancient theory. Bloodletting was common, despite limited medical tools. Surgeons varied, from indentured servants turned buccaneers to adventurous physicians. Pirates respected surgeons, offering better pay and privileges. As maritime laws tightened, pirates had to resort to force to secure the services of these invaluable practitioners, recognizing that their skills were essential for treating battle wounds and ailments. Their duties included treating injuries, shaving beards, and cutting hair. Clean-shaven sailors were common
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