October
27
/ 2025
Archaeologists exploring a hilltop settlement in Mazovia, Poland have uncovered what may be one of the rarest surgical instruments from the Celtic world: an iron trepanation tool used for drilling into human skulls. The discovery at the Łysa Góra archaeological site offers extraordinary evidence that Celtic groups traveling through ancient Poland carried with them not just warriors and craftsmen, but medical specialists capable of performing complex brain surgery over 2,000 years ago. The find, announced by researchers from the State Archaeological Museum in Warsaw working alongside the University of Warsaw's Faculty of Archaeology, has been described as even more significant than the site's previously discovered 4th-century BC Celtic helmet, reports Science in Poland. Dr. Bartłomiej Kaczyński, who leads the excavation
