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Scientists have proven the arch running across the top of the human foot evolved in a 3.5-million-year old human ancestor, enabling us to walk and run upright unlike all other primates. Sports scientists and evolutionary biologists have greatly overlooked the transverse arch when attempting to explain the way the human foot deals with weight dispersal, but now a team of researchers have determined that the foot’s transverse tarsal arch (TTA), which provides almost half the foot’s stiffness enabling us to walk and run on two feet, evolved in an ancient human ancestor around 3.5 million years ago. The scientists findings published in the journal Nature demonstrate a “key step in human evolution” and Dr. Glen Lichtwark and Dr. Luke Kelly