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Britain is in the grip of Coronation fever – for the first time in 70 years. Commemorative coins, medallions and mugs are everywhere. And there are endless discussions by supposed experts on the pageantry, the procedure, the regalia, the costumes, the music, the coaches and the guest-list. But is all this just hype? [[{"type":"media","view_mode":"media_large","fid":"108330","attributes":{"alt":"King Charles III Coronation (jessicagirvan/Adobe Stock)","class":"media-image","height":"436","style":"width: 610px; height: 436px;","typeof":"foaf:Image","width":"610"}}]] King Charles III Coronation ( jessicagirvan/ Adobe Stock ) Britain is the only European monarchy to still have coronations. In Spain the last coronation was held in 1494, in Denmark in 1840, and in Sweden in 1873. The Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg have never had a coronation. Instead of a coronation, in all these European monarchies there is
Since the beginning of time monarchs and monarchy have attracted a great deal of attention in the media. Countless works of history have focused on the deeds and misdeeds of political leaders, and many writers of fiction have likewise devoted much of their energy to such characters. However, insight into the true nature of the power structure in any given society has been rare. There have only ever been essentially two types of government: monarchy and oligarchy (or aristocracy). True monarchy is populist and anti-aristocratic. This means that many crowned heads are not true monarchs at all, while many other supposedly non-monarchical political leaders really are monarchs in the true sense. [[{"type":"media","view_mode":"media_large","fid":"104027","attributes":{"alt":"Homeric Kings: Menelaus, Paris (prince), Diomedes, Odysseus, Nestor, Achilles

Since the beginning of time monarchs and monarchy have attracted a great deal of attention in the media.  Countless works of history have focused on the deeds and misdeeds of political leaders, and many writers of fiction have likewise devoted much of their energy to such characters.  

The well-known story of the Roman Emperor Hadrian’s rebuke at the hands of the petitioner whom he had rebuffed is significant. “Then, don’t be king!” was her taunt, illustrating the general expectation in a strong popular monarchy that the ruler should be accessible by even the humblest of his subjects.  

The well-known story of the Roman Emperor Hadrian’s rebuke at the hands of the petitioner whom he had rebuffed is significant. “ Then, don’t be king!” was her taunt, illustrating the general expectation in a strong popular monarchy that the ruler should be accessible by even the humblest of his subjects. Similar stories are associated with several other rulers in antiquity. Such accessibility is a reflection of the close bond or even symbiotic relationship between strong rulers and their subjects based on mutual dependence. [[{"type":"media","view_mode":"media_original","fid":"101753","attributes":{"alt":"Statue of Hadrian in military garb, wearing the civic crown and muscle cuirass, from Antalya, Turkey (CC BY-SA 2.0)","class":"media-image","style":"width: 434px; height: 699px;","typeof":"foaf:Image"}}]] Statue of Hadrian in military garb, wearing the civic crown and muscle cuirass, from
The title of “emperor” is commonly seen as superior to that of “king”. But that has not always been the case. Ironically, what is now translated as “emperor” started out not as a title at all but as an attempt to avoid a monarchical title altogether. A popular Punch-cartoon shows British Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli on bended knee accepting an earl’s coronet from Queen Victoria, who is depicted sporting an imaginary oriental-looking crown. Published in August 1876, it is titled “ Empress and Earl, or One Good Turn Deserves Another.” It is a reference to Disraeli’s acquisition for Queen Victoria of the title ‘Empress of India’, in return for which he was invested with the noble title of Earl. [[{"type":"media","view_mode":"media_original","fid":"98758","attributes":{"alt":"“Empress
Was World War I inevitable? If so, when did it become so, and why? Contrary to general belief, the war could have been averted or prevented altogether had two of the crowned heads involved had more rather than less power over their own governments: the German Kaiser Wilhelm II and Tsar Nicolas II of Russia, both of whom were intent on avoiding war. [[{"type":"media","view_mode":"media_original","fid":"97484","attributes":{"alt":"Kaiser Wilhelm II and Tsar Nicolas II (German Federal Archives / CC BY-SA 3.0)","class":"media-image","height":"699","style":"width: 456px; height: 699px;","typeof":"foaf:Image","width":"456"}}]] Kaiser Wilhelm II and Tsar Nicolas II ( German Federal Archives / CC BY-SA 3.0 ) Cause and effect are the lifeblood of history, but there is still no consensus on the cause or causes of World War I. The