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Map of early human migration, showing the migratory patterns of our ancient ancestors.

Genome Study Shows Early Asians Traveled Over 20,000 km to South America

An international genomics study led by scientists from Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU Singapore) at the Singapore Center for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE) and...
Acanthostega, an early tetrapod that lived about 365 million years ago, was a member of the ancestral stock that gave rise to amphibians and amniotes.

Ancient Origins: Reptiles Appeared 40 Million Years Earlier, Show Australian Fossils

John Long /The Conversation The emergence of four-legged animals known as tetrapods was a key step in the evolution of many species today – including humans. Our new discovery, published today in...
Overhead view of the Durupinar formation, near Mount Ararat in Turkey.

New Evidence Suggests Formation in Turkey Might Really Be Noah’s Ark

In a mountainous area of eastern Turkey, a team of American researchers believes they may have uncovered the remnants of one of history's most legendary vessels—Noah’s Ark. Working at a mysterious...
The jaw and right hand of a Homo naledi at the Natural History Museum in London, England.

Get a Grip! What Ancient Human Fossil Fingers Tell Us About Our Ancestors

At the far end of South Africa's fossil record, two fossil hands recount the story of evolution as a twisted climb—literally, sometimes! New evidence about the fossil finger bones of Australopithecus...
 Nature-themed mural adorning a bedroom wall.

Murals as Memory: How Early and Ancient Civilizations Preserved Their Culture Visually

Human history begins not with written words, but with images. Long before there were books or hard drives, ancient civilizations worked with a different kind of memory: murals. When examining ancient...
Heidelberg University excavation team working in the North Palace of King Ashurbanipal in the ancient city of Nineveh, near Mosul, Iraq.

2,600-Year-Old Relief of Assyrian King Ashurbanipal Unearthed in Iraq

A team from Heidelberg University excavating in Iraq made a spectacular find: In the throne room of the North Palace of King Ashurbanipal in the ancient city of Nineveh, the archaeologists discovered...
Heroine of Book III of Spenser's 'Faerie Queene' (Painting by Walter Crane)

Pregnant Viking Women Donned Martial Gear, Says New Study

Marianne Ham Eriksen /The Conversation Pregnant women wielding swords and wearing martial helmets, foetuses set to avenge their fathers – and a harsh world where not all newborns were born free or...
Obsidian objects and artifacts in the museum of the Templo Mayor of Tenochtitlan, including blades used for sacrificial purposes.

Ancient Obsidian Artifacts Reveal Vast Aztec Trade Network

Under the volcanic heart of pre-Columbian Mesoamerica, obsidian glittered like frozen flame—black, knife-edged, and imbued with religious meaning. To the Mexica, people commonly referred to as the...
Roman metal detectorist Marius Mangeac stands in front of the Roman coins he discovered near the village of Letţa Veche.

Metal Detector Mania in Romania: Roman Coins, Dacian Treasures Recovered

Its a big story whenever metal detectorists uncover a valuable archaeological treasure—not just an interesting trinket here or there, but an actual cache of precious items that reveal the presence of...
Ancient circular stone alignment found at Sconser on Isle of Skye.

People Were Living in Northern Scotland 11,000 Years Ago, in Extreme Climate

A team of archaeologists and scientists led by Karen Hardy, Professor of Prehistoric Archaeology at the University of Glasgow, has discovered evidence for one of the earliest human populations yet...
Display of wooden rack filled with skulls, used by Mesoamerican societies (including the Maya) to display the heads of sacrificial victims, at the Templo Mayor Museum in Mexico City.

Chopped-Up Human Bones in Guatemalan Cave Came from Maya Sacrificial Murders

Beneath the ancient Maya city of Dos Pilas in northern Guatemala, archaeologists recently made a grim discovery that reveals the lengths the Maya would go to in order to curry the favor of the gods...
Excavation site where the two boats were found in the province of Bac Ninh, Vietnam.

One-of-a-Kind Boats, Dating Back 1,000 Years, Unearthed in Vietnam

Two remarkably well-preserved ancient wooden boats discovered in Bac Ninh Province are drawing national and international attention for their unprecedented design, historical significance, and...
Ivan the Terrible and His Son Ivan. 1885 painting by Ilya Repin, showing the murder of the younger Ivan by his father.

Ivan the Terrible Was a Hero and a Good Guy, Says Russian Government

Dina Khapaeva /The Conversation Beginning in September 2025, Russian middle and high school students will be handed a new textbook titled “My Family.” Published in March 2025, the textbook’s co-...
Complete Dacian stonemason’s kit from pre-Roman Romania.

Ultra-Rare 2,000-Year-Old Dacian Stonemason’s Toolkit Found in Romania

In a heavily forested area near Măgura Călanului hill in Romania, an extraordinary archaeological discovery has come to light. While digging at this site, researchers unearthed a rare set of iron...
The female pope Joan

Remembering Pope Joan, the One and Only Woman to Serve as Pope (Allegedly)

The choice of Chicago native Robert Prevost as the new pope is a historic one, as he is the first North American to occupy the most important position in the Catholic Church. But more than 1200 years...
Schöningen wooden spears, dated to 200,000 years ago

Neanderthals Linked to 200,000-Year-Old German Spears

Long before modern humans arrived in Europe, early members of the human family tree were engineering wooden spears to hunt prey along the shores of an ancient lake in central Germany. Nearby animal...
Image of Tyrannosaurus Rex on the prowl in ancient North America.

Tyrannosaurus Rex Was Born in the USA, 67 Million Years Ago, Study Finds

The most famous of all the predatory dinosaurs, Tyrannosaurus rex, likely evolved in a different part of the world than its immediate ancestors. It seems that T. rex was American made, originating in...
Old Tin mine (post-Bronze Age) west of St Agnes, Cornwall, England.

Tin from Britain Spurred Development of Bronze Age Mediterranean Civilizations

A groundbreaking new study has conclusively shown that southwest Britain was a major supplier of tin to Bronze Age civilizations across Europe and as far away as the Eastern Mediterranean. Using...
The east facade of the Parthenon, facing the rising sun.

Mystery of Parthenon’s Dazzling Ancient Lighting System Has Been Solved

For centuries, scholars have been fascinated by the way the Parthenon, the crown jewel of Athens’ Acropolis, was illuminated, especially given the stories of how the massive statue of Athena...
Scientists have virtually unfurled PHerc. 172, one of three Herculaneum scrolls now housed at the Bodleian Libraries in Oxford.

Herculaneum Scroll Virtually Unrolled, Author and Title Identified

The Herculaneum scrolls, which were entombed along with the cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum during the catastrophic volcanic eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD, have fascinated archaeologists and...
 Aerial view of planting circles and road, leading to fortress ruins indicated in the distance.

Archaeologists Unearth Ancient Tree-Lined Path to Egyptian Fortress

In the northern Sinai Desert, archaeologists have made a remarkable discovery. At a site known as Tell Abu Saifi, they unearthed the ruins of an ancient Egyptian fortress, accessed by an elaborate...
 An ancient Greek relief from approximately 500 BC, with two teams at a ball game. The player on the left edge of the picture throws the ball, the team on the right is ready to defend.

Modern Obsession with Sports Rooted in Ancient World Traditions

Konstantine Panegyres /The Conversation It’s almost impossible to go a day without seeing or hearing about sports. Walk around any city or town and you will almost always catch a glimpse of people...
The site of Chavin de Huantar in modern-day Peru, which includes several monumental buildings overseeing a large plaza at an elevation of 10,000 feet (3,000 meters).

Elites in Ancient Andean Culture Used Hallucinogens as Tools of Oppression

Two thousand years before the Inca empire dominated the Andes, a lesser-known society known as the Chavín Phenomenon shared common art, architecture, and materials throughout modern-day Peru. Through...
Early Iron Age metal finds from Somló Hill, including a sculpted disc, a brooch, and a large pendant.

Astonishing Treasures from Bronze, Iron Ages Found on Hungary's Somló Hill

Archaeologists in Hungary uncovered a treasure trove of valuable metal artifacts during excavations at a site known as Somló Hill, a prominent volcanic outcrop located in the western part of the...

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